Research Term User Time Public BL Contract BL (hours) Experiments Users Experiments Users 1997B: 1997.10 - 1998.03 1998A: 1998.04 - 1998.10 1999A: 1998.11 - 1999.06 1999B: 1999.09 - 1999.12 2000A: 2000.01 - 2000.06 2000B: 2000.10 - 2001.01 2001A: 2001.02 - 2001.06 1,286 1,702 2,585 1,371 2,106 1,558 2,381 94 234 274 242 365 382 473 681 1,252 1,542 1,631 2,486 2,370 2,915 7 33 65 102 88 103 467 427 794 620 766 TOTAL 12,989 2,064 12,877 398 3,074 in Taiwan. Currently those eight contract beamlines ar e al l in op er at io n. Th e ni nt h co nt ra ct be am li ne b y t h e P h a r m a c e u t i c a l C o n s o r t i u m f o r P r o t e i n Structure Analysis is now under construction. The JAERI / RIKEN beamlines are those constructed by JA ER I an d RI KE N to pr om ot e th ei r ow n re se ar ch activities. 11 beamlines have been constructed or are under construction by JAERI and RIKEN for the e x c l u s i v e u s e o f J A E R I a n d R I K E N s c i e n t i s t s . B L 1 9 L X U , o n e o f R I K E N b e a m l i n e s , i s a n I D b e a m l i n e w i t h a l o n g u n d u l a t o r a t a 3 0 m - l o n g s t r a i g h t s e c t i o n a n d w a s i n s t a l l e d w h i l e r e a r r a n g i n g t h e m a g n e t s i n t h e s t o r a g e r i n g d u r i n g t h e s u m m e r s h u t d o w n o f 2 0 0 0 . B L 2 6 B 1 a n d B L 2 6 B 2 a r e b e a m l i n e s t h a t w i l l b e u s e d f o r “ h i g h t h r o u g h p u t ” pr ot ei n cr ys ta ll og ra ph y fo ll ow in g th e hu ma n ge no me Each year SPring-8 holds two calls for proposals t o u s e i t s p u b l i c b e a m l i n e s . B e a m t i m e i s t h e n allocated to selected applicants for the forthcoming SP ri ng -8 re se ar ch te rm . Th e fi rs t su ch te rm (1 99 7B ) ra n fr om Oc to be r 19 97 (w he n th e fa ci li ty op en ed ) until the end of Japan’s financial year, March 1998. Th e se co nd re se ar ch te rm (1 99 8A ) ra n fr om Ap ri l 1998 until October 1998. After a somewhat longer th ir d re se ar ch te rm (1 99 9A ) fr om No ve mb er 19 98 until June 1999, SPring-8 roughly divided the year’s u s e r b e a m t i m e i n t o t w o t e r m s w i t h t h e s u m m e r s h u t d o w n i n b e t w e e n . T h e p r o p o s a l s u b m i s s i o n deadlines for the sixth and seventh research terms p r o j e c t . B L 2 9 X U h a s t w o e x p e r i m e n t a l st at io ns , on e l o ca te d a t th e e xp e ri me n ta l h a l l , a n d th e o th e r a t the end of the 1 km beamline. Dedicated to studying the characteristics of the electron beam accumulated in the storage ring, the ac ce le ra to r be am di ag no si s be am li ne s ar e cu rr en tl y un de r th e ex cl us iv e us e of th e JA SR I ac ce le ra to r group. As of October 2001, two beamlines are currently in th e ph as e of co mm is si on in g ( BL 12 XU , BL 19 LX U, B L 2 2 X U ) a n d s i x b e a m l i n e s ( B L 1 7 S U , B L 2 6 B 1 , BL26B2, BL32B2, BL37XU ) are under construction. All beamlines are shown in the Beamline Map ( F i g . 2 ) . I n c l u d i n g t h e t w o a c c e l e r a t o r b e a m d i a g n o s i s beamlines, we have 47 beamlines, i.e. , about 75% of 62 be am li ne s th at SP ri ng -8 ca n ac co mm od at e. te rm s. SP ri ng -8 op er at io na l re su lt s fo r th e pe ri od from 1997B to 2001A are shown in Table 2 . This table shows each user beam time allocated and the n u m b e r o f u s e r s a n d e x p e r i m e n t s c o n d u c t e d , wh ic h ar e il lu st ra te d in Fi g. 3 . For reference, the re le va nt da ta of co nt ra ct be am li ne s is al so in di ca te d. In 20 01 A, SP ri ng -8 pr ov id ed us er s wi th 2, 38 1 ho ur s o f b e a m t i m e i n f i v e o p e r a t i o n c y c l e s . 2 , 9 1 5 i n d i v i d u a l s us ed th e fa ci li ty ’s pu bl ic be am li ne s in 473 separate ex pe ri me nt s. Be tw ee n Oc to be r 19 97 , op en in g of S P r i n g - 8 f o r r e s e a r c h , a n d t h e e n d o f 2 0 0 1 A , a total of 15,951 public and contract beamline users conducted 2,462 experiments. (20 00B and 200 1A) wer e Oct obe r 21, 200 0 a n d M a y 2 6 , 2 0 0 1 , r e s p e c t i v e l y . S P r i n g - 8 P r o p o s a l R e v i e w C o m m i t t e e a p p r o v e d 3 8 0 out of the 582 proposals submitted for 2000B and 409 out of 502 for 2001A. The numbers o f s e l e c t e d p r o p o s a l s f o r p r o p r i e t a r y research were 12 in 2000B, and 8 in 2001A, respectively. And the percentage of selected p r o p o s a l s f r o m o v e r s e a s w a s 5 % f o r b o t h Table 2. SPring-8 operational results. 118 118 Table 1. SPring-8 beamlines. Accelerator Beam Diagnosis Beamline (2) BL # Source Beamline Name Status BL05IN BL38B2 U BM Accelerator Beam Diagnosis Accelerator Beam Diagnosis under construction in operation JAERI Materials Science II ( JAERI ) JAERI Materials Science I (JAERI) JAERI Actinide Science II ( JAERI ) JAERI Actinide Science I (JAERI) RIKEN Coherent Soft X-ray Spectroscopy (RIKEN) RIKEN SR Physics ( RIKEN ) RIKEN Structural Genomics I ( RIKEN ) RIKEN Structural Genomics II ( RIKEN ) RIKEN Coherent X-ray Optics (RIKEN) RIKEN Structural Biology II ( RIKEN ) RIKEN Structural Biology I (RIKEN) JAERI/RIKEN Beamlines (11) BL # Source Beamline Name Status BL11XU BL14B1 BL22XU BL23SU BL17SU BL19LXU BL26B1 BL26B2 BL29XU BL44B2 BL45XU U BM U U U U BM BM U BM U in operation in operation under construction in operation under construction in commissioning under construction in commissioning in operation in operation in operation APCST ID ( APCST ) APCST BM ( APCST ) WEBRAM (National Institute for Materials Science) Industrial Consortium ID (Industrial Consortium) Industrial Consortium BM (Industrial Consortium) Hyogo ( Hyogo Prefecture) Pharmaceutical Consortium (Pharmaceutical Consortium) Laser-Electron Photon ( Osaka University) Macromolecular Assemblies ( Osaka University) Contract Beamlines (9) BL # Source Beamline Name Status BL12XU BL12B2 BL15XU BL16XU BL16B2 BL24XU BL32B2 BL33LEP BL44XU U BM U U BM U BM BM U in commissioning in operation in operation in operation in operation in operation under construction in operation in operation XAFS Crystal Structure Analysis Powder Diffraction High Pressure and High Temperature High Energy X-ray Diffraction High Energy Inelastic Scattering Nuclear Resonant Scattering Extremely Dense State Research Surface and Interface Structures Engineering Science Research Medical and Imaging II Medical and Imaging I Soft X-ray Spectroscopy of Solid Soft X-ray Photochemistry White Beam X-ray Diffraction High Resolution Inelastic Scattering Trace Element Analysis R&D (3) Magnetic Materials High Flux Structural Biology II Structural Biology I Infrared Materials Science R&D (2) R&D (1) BL # Source Beamline Name Status BL01B1 BL02B1 BL02B2 BL04B1 BL04B2 BL08W BL09XU BL10XU BL13XU BL19B2 BL20XU BL20B2 BL25SU BL27SU BL28B2 BL35XU BL37XU BL38B1 BL39XU BL40XU BL40B2 BL41XU BL43IR BL46XU BL47XU BM BM BM BM BM W U U U BM U BM U U BM U U BM U U BM U BM U U in operation in operation in operation in operation in operation in operation in operation in operation in operation in operation in operation in operation in operation in operation in operation in operation under construction in operation in operation in operation in operation in operation in operation in operation in operation Public Beamlines (25) 119 Figures 4 and 5 indicate the t r a n s i t i o n o f t h e n u m b e r o f s e l e c t e d p r o p o s a l s b y t h e affiliation of applicants and by the r e s e a r c h f i e l d s f r o m 1 9 9 7 B t o 2001A. As can be seen from the c h a r t s , t h e t r e n d f o r e a c h y e a r has been almost the same during the period. In other words, as for t h e c l a s s i f i c a t i o n b y t h e a f f i l i a t i o n s , u n i v e r s i t i e s h a v e a c c o u n t e d f o r c l o s e t o 7 0 % a n d o t h e r o r g a n i z a t i o n s h a v e m a d e u p t h e r e s t a l m o s t e q u a l l y . T h e s a m e t r e n d a p p l i e s t o t h e c l a s s i f i c a t i o n b y t h e r e s e a r c h f i e l d s . T h e r a t i o o f l i f e s c i e n c e , diffraction & scattering and others h a s b e e n 1 : 1 : 1 t h r o u g h o u t t h e same period. The ratio of XAFS, s p e c t r o s c o p y a n d m e t h o d & i n s t r u m e n t a t i o n , a l l o f w h i c h a r e categorized as “others,” has also b e e n 1 : 1 : 1 . T h e r a t i o r e m a i n e d t h e s a m e e x c e p t f o r t h e f i r s t research term (1997B). Fig. 3. Number of users and experiments conducted. Figure 4 Figure 5 134 258 246 326 409 229 380 500 400 300 200 100 0 Number of Selected Proposals by Research Fields 1997B 1998A 1999A 1999B 2000A 2000B 2001A Method & Instrumentation Spectroscopy XAFS Diffraction & Scattering Life Science Half-year Research Term Users Contract BL Experiments Public BL Experiments Number of Experiments 1997B 1998A 1999A 1999B 2000A 2000B 2001A 400 200 600 800 0 1000 2000 1000 3000 4000 0 5000 Number of Users 94 241 307 307 467 470 576 681 1252 2009 2058 3280 2990 3681 7 234 33 274 65 242 102 365 88 382 103 473 0 100 200 300 400 500 1997B 1998A 1999A 1999B 2000A 2000B 2001A Overseas Private Enterprises Private Colleges Government-designated Foundations Nonprofit Foundations National Laboratories Municipal & Prefectural Colleges National Universities 134 258 246 326 380 409 229 Number of Selected Proposals by Affiliation of Applicants 120 For proprietary research, users can keep their re su lt s by pa yi ng be am ti me fe es . Th is sy st em is useful when there is some confidential information f o r c o m m e r c i a l p u r p o s e s i n e x p e r i m e n t s a n d samples and the users do not want to disclose the results. Since the start of the system in the fourth h a l f - y e a r r e s e a r c h t e r m ( 1 9 9 9 B ) , 1 8 e x p e r i m e n t s have been carried out as proprietary research. Apart from the regular public use, SPring-8 has cr ea te d a sy st em fo r th e lo ng -t er m us e of be am li ne s w h e r e u s e r s c a n s e c u r e b e a m t i m e f o r a l o n g e r period of time. While the regular beam time is valid for six months, the beam time for this long-term use is valid for up to three years. This system aims to f u r t h e r p r o m o t e r e s e a r c h t h a t w i l l p r o d u c e o u t s t a n d i n g results in the field of science and technology, that w i l l p a v e t h e w a y f o r n e w r e s e a r c h a r e a s a n d r e s e a r c h m e t h o d o l o g y a n d t h a t w i l l h e l p improve t h e t e c h n o l o g y f o r i n d u s t r i a l b a s e s i g n i f i c a n t l y b y getting the most of the characteristics of SPring-8. Tog et he r wi th the pro mo ti on of r es ea rc h ac ti vi ti es i n t h e f i e l d o f b a s i c s c i e n c e , c o n t r i b u t i n g t o t h e reinforcement of the technological basis in industry h a s b e e n o n e o f t h e m a j o r a i m s o f t h e S P r i n g - 8 pr oj ec t. Si nc e it s fo un da ti on in 19 90 , JA SR I ha s so ug ht po ss ib le wa ys of in du st ri al ap pl ic at io ns of SR science. The framework of the contract beamlines is to facilitate the construction of beamlines by industries a t t h e S P r i n g - 8 F a c i l i t y . H y o g o P r e f e c t u r e c o n s t r u c t e d a c o n t a c t b e a m l i n e ( B L 2 4 X U ) , a n d h a s b e e n conducting experiments on protein crystal analysis, surface/interface analysis of inorganic materials, X- ray micro-beam analysis, and X-ray imaging since M a y 1 9 9 8 . T h e r e h a v e b e e n t w o b e a m l i n e s ( B L 1 6 X U a n d B L 1 6 B 2 ) co n s t r u c t e d by th e in d u s t r i a l co n s o r t i u m that is composed of thirteen companies in the fields of el ec tr on ic s, st ee l, el ec tr ic po we r an d au to mo bi le s. S i n c e O c t o b e r 1 9 9 9 , t h e c o n s o r t i u m h a s b e e n carrying out its experiments on X-ray diffraction, X- r a y f l u o r e s c e n c e a n a l y s i s , a n d X - r a y m i c r o - b e a m experiments at the BL16XU, and XAFS and X-ray t o p o g r a p h y a t t h e B L 1 6 B 2 . A n o t h e r c o n t r a c t b e a m l i n e , B L 3 2 B 2 , c o n s t r u c t e d b y t h e i n d u s t r i a l co ns or ti um th at is ma de up of 22 ph ar ma ce ut ic al companies is now in commissioning phase and is ex pe ct ed to be re ad y by th e su mm er of 20 02 fo r e x p e r i m e n t s a n d r e s e a r c h o n p r o t e i n s t r u c t u r e a n a l y s i s f o r d r u g d e s i g n . I n a d d i t i o n , a n e w b e a m l i n e f o r t h e i n d u s t r i a l a p p l i c a t i o n s o f S R s c i e n c e h a s b e e n a d d e d t o t h e l i n e u p o f p u b l i c b e a m l i n e s , w h i c h i s a b e n d i n g m a g n e t b e a m l i n e ( BL 19 B2 ) fo r ex pe ri me nt s on XA FS , mu lt ip ur po se X - r a y d i f f r a c t o m e t r y , a n d X - r a y f l u o r e s c e n c e s p e c t r o s c o p y . I t s c o n s t r u c t i o n w i l l b e c o m p l e t e d sometime in fall 2001. W h e n u s i n g S P r i n g - 8 f o r n o n - p r o p r i e t a r y research, users are exempted from beam time fees if they submit an Experiment Report within 60 days af te r th ei r ex pe ri me nt . JA SR I ex pe ct s th at us er s will disclose their research results obtained through no n- pr op ri et ar y re se ar ch in sc ie nt if ic jo ur na ls . In case s wher e the resu lts are disc lose d, uses must r e p o r t t o J A S R I a n d h a v e t h e m r e g i s t e r e d w i t h JASRI. Th e nu mb er of re se ar ch re su lt s pr od uc ed by public and contract beamline users and JASRI staff is 1,003 as of August 2001. 121
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