SPring-8 beamlines are categorized into four groups as listed below: (1) Public Beamlines (2) Contract Beamlines (3) JAERI / RIKEN Beamlines (4) Accelerator Beam Diagnosis The public beamlines are constructed by JAERI and RIKEN with government grants, and are open for public use. This category of public beamlines includes three R&D beamlines, which were constructed for the purpose of developing new devices and beamline equipment such as optical elements, detection systems, and so forth. Used mainly by SPring-8 staff, the R&D beamlines are also open to public. Now 25 public beamlines (22 X-ray beamlines, two soft X-ray beamlines and one infrared beamline) are operational and available for public use. The contract beamlines are, on the other hand, facilities that are installed, owned, operated and maintained by universities, companies and other organizations. Beamline contractors can use their beamline almost exclusively. Hyogo Prefecture took the lead in the contract beamline construction. Industrial Consortium, National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC, Taiwan), Institute for Protein Research (Osaka Univ.), Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP, Osaka Univ.), National Institute for Materials Science and Pharmaceutical Consortium followed in that order. NSRRC was the first to construct foreign contract beamlines (BL12B2 and BL12XU) at SPring-8. Currently those nine contract beamlines are all in operation. The JAERI/RIKEN beamlines are those constructed by JAERI and RIKEN for the exclusive use to promote their own research activities although 20% of beamtime is reserved for public use. Four JAERI and six RIKEN beamlines have already been constructed and one of the RIKEN beamlines, BL17SU, is in commissioning. RIKEN BL19LXU is the only one long undulator beamline and can provide the highest brilliance. Experimental stations of BL22XU and BL23SU are located at RI Laboratory and dedicated to research utilizing radioactive isotopes and actinide materials. BL26B1 and BL26B2 are beamlines used for high throughput protein crystallography following the human genome project. BL29XU has two experimental stations, one located in the experimental hall, and the other at the end of the 1 km beamline. Dedicated to studying the characteristics of the electron beam accumulated in the storage ring, the accelerator beam diagnosis beamlines are currently under the exclusive use of the JASRI accelerator group. All 62 beamlines that SPring-8 can accommodate (34 insertion devices, 4 long undulators, 23 bending magnets and 1 infrared) are shown in the Beamline Map (Fig. 2). As of March 11, 2004, one beamline (BL17SU) is in the phase of commissioning. Including the two accelerator beam diagnosis beamlines, we have 47 beamlines, about 75% of full capacity (Table II). Fig. 2. Beamline Map. Beamline Map • Insertion Device (6 m) • Insertion Device (30 m) • Bending Magnet Total number of beamline : 62 (61+1) : 34 ( ) : 4 ( ) : 23 ( ) • Others : 1 ( ) BL12XU BL12B2 BL16XU BL33LEP BL32B2 Laser-Electron Photon BL24XU Hyogo BL16B2 BL15XU WEBRAM National Institute for Materials Science Industrial Consortium Industrial Consortium Hyogo Prefecture BL11XU JAERI Materials Science II BL14B1 JAERI Materials Science I BL23SU JAERI Actinide Science I BL05SS BL04B1 High Temperature and High Pressure Research BL04B2 High Energy X-ray Diffraction BL02B1 Single Crystal Structure Analysis BL01B1 XAFS BL47XU R&D (1) BL46XU R&D (2) BL45XU RIKEN Structural Biology BL44B2 RIKEN Structural Biology BL44XU Macromolecular Assemblies BL02B2 Powder Diffraction BL08W High Energy Inelastic Scattering Accelerator Beam Diagnosis II Accelerator Beam Diagnosis I BL09XU Nuclear Resonant Scattering BL10XU High Pressure Research Surface and Interface Structures Engineering Science Research BL20B2 Medical and Imaging BL20XU Medical and Imaging BL19LXU RIKEN SR Physics RIKEN Coherent Soft X-ray Spectroscopy BL25SU Soft X-ray Spectroscopy of Solid BL27SU Soft X-ray Photochemistry BL39XU Magnetic Materials BL38B2 BL35XU High Resolution lnelastic Scattering BL29XU RIKEN Coherent X-ray Optics BL40XU High Flux BL40B2 Structural Biology BL41XU Structural Biology BL28B2 White Beam X-ray Diffraction BL38B1 R&D (3) BL37XU Trace Element Analysis BL43 IR Infrared Materials Science BL13XU BL17SU BL22XU JAERI Actinide Science II BL19B2 Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University Pharmaceutical Industry Pharmaceutical Consortium for Protein Structure Analysis Industrial Consortium ID Industrial Consortium BM BL26B2 BL26B1 RIKEN Structural Genomics I RIKEN Structural Genomics II II I I II I II NSRRC ID NSRRC BM National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center 142 BL # Beamline Name Public Beamlines ★ Areas of Research XAFS Single Crystal Structure Analysis Powder Diffraction High Temperature and High Pressure Research High Energy X-ray Diffraction High Energy Inelastic Scattering Nuclear Resonant Scattering High Pressure Research Surface and Interface Structures Engineering Science Research Medical and Imaging II Medical and Imaging I Soft X-ray Spectroscopy of Solid Soft X-ray Photochemistry White Beam X-ray Diffraction High Resolution Inelastic Scattering Trace Element Analysis R&D (3) Magnetic Materials High Flux Structural Biology II Structural Biology I Infrared Materials Science R&D (2) R&D (1) BL01B1 BL02B1 BL02B2 BL04B1 BL04B2 BL08W BL09XU BL10XU BL13XU BL19B2 BL20XU BL20B2 BL25SU BL27SU BL28B2 BL35XU BL37XU BL38B1 BL39XU BL40XU BL40B2 BL41XU BL43IR BL46XU BL47XU XAFS in wide energy region (3.8 to 113 keV). XAFS of dilute systems and thin films. Single crystal structure analysis in X-ray wide energy range. Precise X-ray diffraction analysis of the lattice or charge modulation originated from the phase transition at low temperatures. Accurate structure analysis of crystalline materials using powder diffraction data. Structural aspects of phase transition. Ab initio structure determination by powder diffraction. Rietveld refinements. Determination of phase relation. Equation of state of mantle. Viscosity of melts. Kinetics of mineral transformation. Rheology of mantle minerals. Structure of melts and glasses at high pressures. Structural analysis of glass, liquid, and amorphous materials. X-ray diffraction under ultra high-pressure. Precise single crystal structure analysis Magnetic Compton scattering. High-resolution Compton scattering. High-energy Bragg scattering. High-energy fluorescent X-ray analysis. Lattice dynamics by using nuclear inelastic scattering. Time domain Mössbauer spectroscopy, especially under the extreme conditions. Coherent X-ray optics using nuclear resonant scattering. Nuclear excitation by electron transition (NEET). Surface structures and residual strain analysis. Structure analysis and phase transitions under ultra high pressure (DAC experiment). Earth and planetary science. Atomic-scale structure analysis of a crystal surface, an ultra-thin film and a nanostructure. Surface structure analysis under thin-film growth. Analysis of nanostructures grown at a vacuum/solid, liquid/solid, and solid/solid interface. High resolution photoemission. Photoelectron diffraction and holography. Magnetic circular dichroism in the core absorption (MCD). Photoelectron emission microscope (PEEM). XAFS in wide energy region. Residual stress measurement. Structural analysis of thin film, surface and interface. Powder diffraction. X-ray imaging. Microimaging: Scanning microscopy. Imaging microscopy. Microtomography. X-ray holography and other experiments on X-ray optics and developments of optical elements. / Medical application: Microangiography. Refraction-enhanced imaging. Radiation therapy. / Ultra-small angle scattering. Medical research: Microradiography, microtomography and refraction-contrast imaging on biological specimens and small animals. / Imaging techniques: Evaluation and development of various kinds of optical elements for novel imaging techniques. Industrial research: Growth of thin film of functional material. Micro-fabrication by functional material etching. / Atomic and molecular spectroscopy: Search of novel photochemical processes. High resolution atomic and molecular electron spectroscopy. Complete determination of electronic decay channel. Dissociation dynamics of inner-shell excited molecules. Site-specific dissociation processes of isolated molecules. / Surface analysis and solid state physics: Search of electronic structures of solids and nanolayers. Elucidation of electronic state of molecule on surface. White X-ray diffraction. Time-resolved energy-dispersive XAFS (DXAFS) for studies of chemical and/or physical reaction process. Dynamics of materials including phonons. Glass transitions. Liquid dynamics. Diffusion. Methods of investigation for inelastic X-ray scattering (IXS) and nuclear resonant scattering (NRS). X-ray microbeam spectrochemical analysis. Ultra trace element analysis. High energy X-ray fluorescence analysis. XAFS. R&D of optics and detector. Monochromatic data collection for routine macromolecular crystallography. X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectroscopy. Element-specific magnetometry. X-ray emission spectroscopy and its magnetic circular dichroism. Resonant or non-resonant magnetic scattering. Time-resolved diffraction and scattering experiments. X-ray speckle. X-ray fluorescence trace analysis. Macromolecular crystallography. Small angle X-ray (solution) scattering. Macromolecular crystallography. Infrared microspectroscopy. Magneto-optical spectroscopy. Infrared surface science. Absorption and reflection spectroscopy. Time-resolved experiments with pulsed laser and SR (pump and probe). R&D of insertion devices. Resonant and non-resonant magnetic scattering structural analysis. R&D of microtomography and microbeam technique. (Public Use) (Oct. 1997) (Oct. 1997) (Sep. 1999) (Oct. 1997) (Sep. 1999) (Oct. 1997) (Oct. 1997) (Oct. 1997) (Sep. 2001) (Nov. 2001) (Apr. 1998) (May 1998) (Nov. 2002) (Oct. 2000) (Oct. 1997) (Apr. 2000) (Oct. 1997) (Apr. 2000) (Nov. 2000) (Oct. 1997) (Sep. 1999) (Sep. 2001) (Sep. 1999) (Sep. 2001) (Sep. 1999) Table II. List of beamlines 143 NSRRC ID (NSRRC) NSRRC BM (NSRRC) WEBRAM (National Institute for Materials Science) Industrial Consortium ID (Industrial Consortium) Industrial Consortium BM (Industrial Consortium) Hyogo (Hyogo Prefecture) Pharmaceutical Industry (Pharmaceutical Consortium) Laser-Electron Photon (Osaka University) Macromolecular Assemblies (Osaka University) BL12XU BL12B2 BL15XU BL16XU BL16B2 BL24XU BL32B2 BL33LEP BL44XU JAERI Materials Science II JAERI Materials Science I JAERI Actinide Science II JAERI Actinide Science I RIKEN Coherent Soft X-ray Spectroscopy RIKEN Structural Genomics I & II RIKEN Coherent X-ray Optics RIKEN Structural Biology II RIKEN Structural Biology I BL11XU BL14B1 BL22XU BL23SU BL17SU BL19LXU BL26B1/B2 BL29XU BL44B2 BL45XU BL38B2 Accelerator Beam Diagnosis Accelerator Beam Diagnosis BL # Beamline Name Contract Beamlines Areas of Research X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Powder X-ray diffraction. High resolution X-ray scattering. Protein crystallography. Highly precise characterization of advanced materials: High resolution X-ray photoemission microscopy. Study and analysis for synthesis process of thin films assisted with X-ray irradiation. High energy excitation X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. High resolution X-ray emission spectroscopy. Highly precise X-ray powder diffraction study and ultra-small angle scattering. Characterization of thin films for VLSI and magnetic devices, catalysts, functional materials, and structural materials. Characterization of industrial materials, such as metal and oxide films, semiconductor crystals by XAFS, topography and other methods. Structure analysis of small bio-crystals for industry. Surface/interface analysis of metallic materials for industry by fluorescent X-ray analysis and strain measurements. Surface/interface analysis during metal-organic chemical vapor deposition by grazing incidence X-ray diffraction. Microbeam formation studies for materials and life science. Protein structure analysis for structure-based drug design: Design and optimization of new leading compounds based on pharmacodynamic action mechanism elucidated at the molecular level which obtained from a detailed interaction analysis of receptor-drug complexes. Meson photoproduction from nucleon and nucleus. Photoexcitation of hyperons, nucleon resonances, and other exotic states. Photonuclear reactions. Beam diagnoses. Test and calibration of detectors with GeV photon beam. Crystal structure analysis of biological macromolecular assemblies (e.g. membrane protein complexes, protein complexes, protein-nucleic acid complexes, and viruses). Elementary electronic excitations, quasiparticle behaviors, and electron-correlation effects in correlated electron systems by high resolution non-resonant or resonant inelastic X-ray scattering. Local electronic structure of molecular solids of low-Z elements (e.g., biomaterials) by high resolution near-edge X-ray Raman scattering. Phase transitions under high-pressure, low and high temperatures. Materials science by high-resolution X-ray absorption and emission spectroscopy. X-ray physics and optics. JAERI Beamlines Nuclear resonant scattering. Surface and interface structure with MBE. Inelastic scattering. XAFS. Materials science at high pressure. Structure physics. Materials science at high pressure. Resonant X-ray scattering (activity at RI laboratory). Surface chemistry with supersonic molecular beam. Biophysical spectroscopy. Photoelectron spectroscopy (activity at RI laboratory). Magnetic circular dichroism (activity at RI laboratory). Spectroscopic study on multiply charged ions: Photoabsorption study on multiply charged ions. Fundamental research for X-ray astronomy using synchrotron radiation. / High resolution photoemission spectroscopy: Angle- resolved photoemission (ARPES) study using soft X-rays to observe ‘bulk’ band structure. In situ ARPES measurement on strongly-correlated transition-metal oxide thin films fabricated by laser MBE method. / Soft X-ray emission spectroscopy for solid and biological samples: Soft X-ray emission study on transition metal compounds to study electronic correlations in solids. Study of the electronic structure of biological samples by soft X-ray emission spectroscopy. RIKEN Beamlines Laue macromolecular crystallography. Any research field requiring the highly brilliant X-ray beam. Structural genomics research based on single crystal X-ray diffraction. X-ray optics, especially coherent X-ray optics. Time-resolved structures of non-crystalline biological materials such as protein, nucleic acid solutions, membrane, muscle, and micelle system under various conditions by small-angle scattering and diffraction technique. RIKEN SR Physics Accelerator beam diagnostics. R&D of accelerator components. Production of MeV γ -ray photons. (First Beam) (Oct. 1998) (Oct. 2000) (Dec. 2001) (Jan. 2000) (May 1998) (Apr. 2002) (Jun. 1999) (May 1999) (Oct. 1998) (Dec. 1998) (Dec. 1997) (Feb. 1998) (Feb. 1998) (Jul. 1997) (Apr. 2002) (Oct. 2000) (Sep. 2003) (May 2002) (Oct. 1998) BL05SS Accelerator Beam Diagnosis Accelerator beam diagnostics. R&D of accelerator components. (Mar. 2004) (Sep. 1999) 144
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