150 Our second year of operations proceeded without any significant issues. Operation statistics are summarized in Table VI. The ratio of downtime to user time was kept below 7.3%, a reasonably low rate for linac-based light sources. In 2013, two beamlines, BL3 for XFEL and BL1 for broadband spontaneous light, were open for users, while all experiments were conducted with BL3. The key components, the 1- μ m focusing system and the synchronized optical laser system, were utilized for many experiments. SACLA calls for public use proposals twice per year. Proposals fall into two categories: General Proposals for general research with no specific research theme, while the Priority Strategy Proposals for strategic themes identified based on national policy. Currently there are two strategic themes: Hierarchical Structure Dynamics of Biomolecules and Pico/Femto Second Dynamic Imaging. Table VII shows the research themes for each group are as follows: Table VIII, Figs. 18 and 19 provide statistics on proposals, users, and beamtime. Among the proposals carried out, the number of general proposals were 13, 8, 9, and 11 during 2012A, 2012B, 2013A, and 2013B, respectively. Table VI . Operation statistics for FY2013 SACLA I. Introduction II. Machine Operation & Beamlines III. User Program and Statistics Total operation time 7017 User time 3459 Facility tuning time Study time Downtime 860 2698 252 (7.3% of user time) Time (h) 1. Hierarchical Structure Dynamics of Biomolecules 2. Pico/Femto Second Dynamic Imaging 1-1 Structural Analysis of Drug-targeted Membrane Protein Nanocrystals 1-2 Imaging of Whole Cell and Its Components in the Living State 1-3 Single Molecule Structural Analysis of Supramolecular Complex 1-4 Dynamics Research Combining Single Molecule X-ray Diffraction Experiments and Supercomputer Analysis 1-5 Dynamic Structural Analysis Using Pump-Probe Techniques 2-5 Dynamic X-ray Spectroscopy 2-4 Ultrafast Processes under Extreme Conditions 2-3 Charge Generation/Charge Transfer Dynamics 2-2 Ultrafast Interface Reaction Processes 2-1 Gas-Phase/Liquid-Phase/Solid-Phase Reaction Dynamics Table VII . Research themes for each group SACLA is the world's second X-ray free electron laser (XFEL), following the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) in the US. Currently, these are the only two XFELs in operation. SACLA delivers the shortest wavelength XFEL. SACLA achieved its first lasing on June 7, 2011, within three months of electron beam commissioning, and launched user operations from 2012A. The user selection system for SACLA is based on that used by SPring-8. SACLA has an independent proposal review committee, the SACLA Proposal Review Committee (SACLA PRC), which reviews all received proposals. 151 Fifteen original papers were published and registered in the SACLA information database. These include two papers in Physical Review Letters (see Chemical Science in this volume, pages 78 and 80), one in Nano Letters, and one in Nature Photonics. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Proposals Submitted Proposals Approved/Carried Out Number of Proposals Research Term 2012A 2012B 2013A 2013B Fig. 19. Half-year Research Term Proposals Submitted Proposals Approved/Carried Out Cumulative Users Beamtime Carried Out (Shifts) 2012A 2012B 2013B 2013A 55 49 59 25 27 24 30 297 461 268 410 126 154 117 139 68 One shift = 12 hours at SACLA beamlines 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 Proposals Approve d/Carried Out Research Term 2012A 2012B 2013A 2013B Foreign Industry National or Public Research Institute University or Other Educational Institute Fig. 18. IV. Research Outcome Table VIII . Number of proposals submitted, proposals approved/carried out, cumulative users and beamtime available by research term
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