Research Frontiers 2021 Research Frontiers 2021 115 SPring-8 was stably operated throughout FY2021 with the total operation time of the accelerator complex and the total user beam time of 5300.2 h and 4426.9 h, respectively, and a total downtime of 10.0 h. SPring-8 had to complete all its operations by the middle of February 2022. Three interim reviews were conducted for contract beamlines SUNBEAM ID (BL16XU, SUNBEAM Consortium), SUNBEAM BM (BL16B2, SUNBEAM Consortium), Macromolecular Assemblies (BL44XU, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University) and TOYOTA (BL33XU, TOYOTA Central R&D Labs., Inc.), and the projects were authorized to continue. Because of contract cancellation, the postevaluation of WEBRAM (BL15XU, National Institute for Materials Sciences) was conducted. At present, the number of SPring-8 users is as high as 12,000, all of whom are members of the SPring-8 User Community (SPRUC). It is important for SPring-8 to jointly organize scientific events with SPRUC, such as the SPring-8 Symposium, to facilitate dialogue between users and the facility staff. In 2021, the SPring-8 Symposium was held online on September 17 and 18 owing to COVID-19, with 480 participants. SPring-8 also facilitates communication between users and industry. The Joint Conference on Industrial A p p l i c a t i o n s o f S P r i n g - 8 w a s h e l d i n H y o g o Prefecture on September 1 and 2, 2021, with 295 participants (126 were online participants). As part of its continuous effort towards fostering human resources in synchrotron sciences, SPring-8 organized the 21st SPring-8 Summer School with 74 students of graduate schools nationwide, in cooperation with University of Hyogo, Kwansei Gakuin University, The University of Tokyo, Okayama University, Osaka University, Ibaraki University, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, National Institutes for Quantum and Science and Technology, and RIKEN. Furthermore, SPring-8 and SPRUC organized the 5th SPring-8 Autumn School with 59 participants, which included university students and corporate researchers. SPring-8 I. Introduction
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